75 houses to rent in Happisburgh Norwich

Stunning One-Bedroom Barn Conversion | East Ruston, Norfolk Set within an attractive rural setting in the desirable Norfolk village of East Ruston, this exceptional one-bedroom barn conversion offers a rare opportunity to enjoy characterful countryside living within a beautifully converted period building. Showcasing an abundance of original charm, the property effortlessly blends traditional features with modern comforts. A truly impressive vaulted living space forms the heart of the home, featuring exposed brickwork, striking timber beams, bespoke handcrafted wooden staircases and galleried mezzanine accommodation, creating a unique and spacious environment full of character. The generous kitchen/breakfast room is well-equipped with extensive storage and ample workspace, while the expansive living and dining area benefits from excellent natural light and a wonderful sense of space. The mezzanine level provides a versatile bedroom area overlooking the living accommodation below, compl

Astleys have the pleasure in advertising this 2 bedroom unfurnished terraced house in Neath SA11, property has been renovated throughout and benefits from a new kitchen and bathroom. To the ground floor there is an open plan lounge leading to the kitchen which has the back door to the rear garden area which is concrete. To the first floor there are 2 bedrooms and a family bathroom. MUST BE SEEN You are required to pay a refundable Holding Deposit of £100.00 (or a weeks rent if the rent amount is lower than £100.00 per week) to the Agent. The holding deposit demonstrates your intention to rent the property subject to the satisfactory completion of reference checks. The Property will be withdrawn from the market whilst these checks are completed

Holding deposit: £213.00SUMMARYA truly unique one-bedroom barn conversion set within the idyllic Norfolk countryside of East Ruston. This beautifully presented home combines striking character features with modern living, boasting a magnificent vaulted living space, exposed beams, bespoke timber craftsmanship, a spacious kitchen/breakfast room, generous bedroom accommodation and a private courtyard garden. Further benefits include oil-fired central heating, off-road parking and a peaceful rural setting, making this an exceptional countryside retreat.DESCRIPTIONStunning One-Bedroom Barn Conversion | East Ruston, NorfolkSet within an attractive rural setting in the desirable Norfolk village of East Ruston, this exceptional one-bedroom barn conversion offers a rare opportunity to enjoy characterful countryside living within a beautifully converted period building.Showcasing an abundance of original charm, the property effortlessly blends traditional features with modern comforts. A truly

Holding deposit: £213.00SUMMARYA truly unique one-bedroom barn conversion set within the idyllic Norfolk countryside of East Ruston. This beautifully presented home combines striking character features with modern living, boasting a magnificent vaulted living space, exposed beams, bespoke timber craftsmanship, a spacious kitchen/breakfast room, generous bedroom accommodation and a private courtyard garden. Further benefits include oil-fired central heating, off-road parking and a peaceful rural setting, making this an exceptional countryside retreat.DESCRIPTIONStunning One-Bedroom Barn Conversion | East Ruston, NorfolkSet within an attractive rural setting in the desirable Norfolk village of East Ruston, this exceptional one-bedroom barn conversion offers a rare opportunity to enjoy characterful countryside living within a beautifully converted period building.Showcasing an abundance of original charm, the property effortlessly blends traditional features with modern comforts. A truly

Holding Deposit: £213.00 SUMMARY A truly unique one-bedroom barn conversion set within the idyllic Norfolk countryside of East Ruston. This beautifully presented home combines striking character features with modern living, boasting a magnificent vaulted living space, exposed beams, bespoke timber craftsmanship, a spacious kitchen/breakfast room, generous bedroom accommodation and a private courtyard garden. Further benefits include oil-fired central heating, off-road parking and a peaceful rural setting, making this an exceptional countryside retreat. DESCRIPTION Stunning One-Bedroom Barn Conversion | East Ruston, Norfolk Set within an attractive rural setting in the desirable Norfolk village of East Ruston, this exceptional one-bedroom barn conversion offers a rare opportunity to enjoy characterful countryside living within a beautifully converted period building. Showcasing an abundance of original charm, the property effortlessly blends traditional features with modern comforts. A

Nestled in the idyllic Norfolk countryside, this charming three-bedroom period cottage enjoys a peaceful rural setting on North Walsham Road in the sought-after village of Happisburgh. Surrounded by open fields, with far-reaching views towards the iconic lighthouse and historic church, this property offers the perfect blend of country serenity and accessibility to local amenities.Steeped in character, this semi-detached cottage showcases original features and thoughtful updates. Step through the inviting entrance hall into a spacious lounge and dining room, highlighted by exposed wooden flooring and a striking fireplace with a multi-fuel burner—perfect for cosy evenings. Rustic ledge and brace doors, deep windowsills, and neutral décor enhance the authentic cottage feel.The fully fitted kitchen is both tasteful and practical, complete with heritage-style cabinetry in a calming pastel tone, ample worktop space, and a full range of white goods. With two dual-aspect windows bringing in pl

Nestled in the idyllic Norfolk countryside, this charming three-bedroom period cottage enjoys a peaceful rural setting on North Walsham Road in the sought-after village of Happisburgh. Surrounded by open fields, with far-reaching views towards the iconic lighthouse and historic church, this property offers the perfect blend of country serenity and accessibility to local amenities. Steeped in character, this semi-detached cottage showcases original features and thoughtful updates. Step through the inviting entrance hall into a spacious lounge and dining room, highlighted by exposed wooden flooring and a striking fireplace with a multi-fuel burner-perfect for cosy evenings. Rustic ledge and brace doors, deep windowsills, and neutral décor enhance the authentic cottage feel. The fully fitted kitchen is both tasteful and practical, complete with heritage-style cabinetry in a calming pastel tone, ample worktop space, and a full range of white goods. With two dual-aspect windows bringing in

NO DEPOSIT OPTION* Stunning three-bed barn conversion with open-plan living, two bathrooms, utility, large garden, and parking in peaceful Witton village. Available November.LocationWitton is a picturesque rural village nestled between the renowned Norfolk Broads and the stunning North Norfolk coastline, offering residents the perfect balance of countryside tranquillity and everyday convenience. Surrounded by open fields, scenic walking routes, and an abundance of natural beauty, the village provides a peaceful setting for those looking to enjoy a slower pace of life.Despite its rural charm, Witton remains well connected to a range of local amenities. The nearby market town of North Walsham and the popular Broadland town of Stalham are both within easy driving distance, offering a selection of shops, supermarkets, schools, healthcare facilities, and transport links. For those who enjoy the coast, the sandy beaches and dramatic shoreline of Bacton and Happisburgh are close by, making it

Zero Deposit Guarantee Available*Holding deposit: £167.00SUMMARYWilliam H Brown are delighted to present this beautifully modernised one-bedroom bungalow, enviably positioned within the highly sought-after coastal village of Bacton. Offering an exceptional blend of contemporary living and tranquil surroundings, this superb home enjoys breathtaking open views across expansive greenery to the rear, creating a wonderful sense of space and privacy rarely found in properties of this size.DESCRIPTIONFinished to an impressive standard throughout, the accommodation comprises a bright and welcoming open-plan living area, seamlessly connecting the stylish fitted kitchen and spacious lounge, ideal for both relaxing and entertaining. The contemporary kitchen has been thoughtfully designed with ample worktop space, modern cabinetry and integrated appliances, while the living space benefits from an abundance of natural light and attractive wood-effect flooring.The generous double bedroom enjoys deli

Zero Deposit Guarantee Available* Holding Deposit: 167.00 summary William H Brown are delighted to present this beautifully modernised one-bedroom bungalow, enviably positioned within the highly sought-after coastal village of Bacton. Offering an exceptional blend of contemporary living and tranquil surroundings, this superb home enjoys breathtaking open views across expansive greenery to the rear, creating a wonderful sense of space and privacy rarely found in properties of this size. Description Finished to an impressive standard throughout, the accommodation comprises a bright and welcoming open-plan living area, seamlessly connecting the stylish fitted kitchen and spacious lounge, ideal for both relaxing and entertaining. The contemporary kitchen has been thoughtfully designed with ample worktop space, modern cabinetry and integrated appliances, while the living space benefits from an abundance of natural light and attractive wood-effect flooring. The generous double bedroom enjoys

This recently converted barn is situated down a private drive lined with over fifty oak trees, hence the name Oak Road. The property is located just a few minutes walk away from the popular North Walsham & Dilham Canal ideal for any keen paddle boarders out there. The stunning two bedroom property has been lovingly renovated throughout, offering a bright and airy living space, set within the North Norfolk countryside offering stunning field views from all aspects and parking for several cars. The property offers generous natural light throughout, with concrete floors in all rooms. The property also benefits from high standards of insulation and heating including double glazed windows, air source heat pump, and under floor heating. The accommodation comprises of large kitchen/lounge area with bifolding doors leading into the rear garden, family bathroom with four piece suite, two double bedrooms with built in wardrobe, the primary bedroom has en suite. Externally you have a fully enclos

Alexander & Co are proud to present a thoughtfully modernised and extended, detached family home within the quiet village setting of Hickling. Offering three bedrooms, light and airy décor with modern fixtures and fittings, this property is sure to impress! Entering the front of the property you find the entrance hall with access to the lounge which could be an ideal snug with fireplace and log burner emphasising the historic character of the property. From here you walk through the utility room, fitted with integrated washing machine and tumble dryer, into the newer part of the house consisting of a large family living space and kitchen beyond. This part of the house, with its polished concrete flooring, offers bi-fold doors out via decking to the rear garden whilst the impressive kitchen with vaulted ceiling and Velux style windows offers everything you could need. The kitchen includes of a range of base and wall mounted units as well as two integrated electric ovens, warming draw, e

no deposit option* Well-presented 3-bed semi in Tunstead village with spacious living, modern kitchen, large & enclosed rear garden with shed & utility, off-road parking, and easy access to local amenities, countryside, and Norwich. Available now! Location Tunstead is a charming Norfolk village situated on the edge of the stunning Norfolk Broads National Park, offering a peaceful rural lifestyle whilst remaining within convenient reach of nearby amenities. The village benefits from a strong community feel and is ideally located for exploring the beautiful surrounding countryside and waterways. The nearby towns of North Walsham and Wroxham provide a wide range of shops, supermarkets, schools, cafés, and leisure facilities, while the city of Norwich is easily accessible for commuters. With picturesque walks, cycling routes, and the Norfolk coastline all within easy reach, Tunstead is a wonderful location for those seeking the best of village living. Anchor Street Nestled within the popul

gilson bailey lettings are pleased to offer this two bed semi detached house. internally, the property offers on the ground floor an entrance lobby, a cosy lounge, a dining room, and a well-fitted kitchen, along with a family bathroom and access to the rear garden. upstairs, there are two bedrooms and an additional bathroom, with one bedroom benefiting from a built-in wardrobe. set back from the road, the property is approached via a shingled driveway offering off-road parking. to the rear, an enclosed garden offers a private outdoor space with a patio terrace perfect for dining and a lawn surrounded by mature planting and timber fencing. further enhancing its appeal, the property is situated just five miles from the stunning beaches of the north east norfolk coastline, approximately twelve miles from the norfolk broads, and fifteen miles from norwich city centre. *close to north norfolk coast*unfurnished* accommodation comprises: door to lounge lounge - 3.96m ( 13'0') x 3.34m ( 11'0')

William H Brown offer this SUPERB, MODERN unfurnished 3 bed bay fronted end terrace house in IMMACULATE condition located 16 miles to the North of Norwich in the popular, bustling market town of North Walsham perfect for access to Cromer (9miles), Aylsham (7miles), the Norfolk Broads & the North Norfolk Coast. Benefits include, GCH, UPVC DG, kitchen/diner, downstairs cloakroom, allocated parking *View now so as not to be disappointed*Entrance HallDoor into lounge and stairs to the first floorLounge 17' 0 (into bay) x 12' 0 (5.18m x 3.66m)Good size room with bay window to front aspect, understairs storage cupboard, vinyl floor, T.V + Tel pointsKitchen / Dining Room 12' 0 x 11' 0 (3.66m x 3.35m)Good size room perfect for a dining table & chairs, window to the rear aspect and a modern range of wall & base units, electric oven & gas hob with extractor over, space for a Fridge Freezer, plumbing for a Washing Machine, vinyl flooring.Rear Lobby Double glazed door to rear garden, radiator, vin

Holding deposit: £276.00SUMMARYWilliam H Brown offer this SUPERB, MODERN unfurnished 3 bed bay fronted end terrace house in IMMACULATE condition located 16 miles to the North of Norwich in the popular, bustling market town of North Walsham perfect for access to Cromer (9miles), Aylsham (7miles), the Norfolk Broads & the North Norfolk Coast. Benefits include, GCH, UPVC DG, kitchen/diner, downstairs cloakroom, allocated parking *View now so as not to be disappointed*DESCRIPTIONWilliam H Brown offer this SUPERB, MODERN unfurnished 3 bed bay fronted end terrace house in IMMACULATE condition located 16 miles to the North of Norwich in the popular, bustling market town of North Walsham perfect for access to Cromer (9miles), Aylsham (7miles), the Norfolk Broads & the North Norfolk Coast. Benefits include, GCH, UPVC DG, kitchen/diner, downstairs cloakroom, allocated parking *View now so as not to be disappointed*Entrance HallDoor into lounge and stairs to the first floorLounge 17' 0 (into bay)

NO DEPOSIT OPTION* Well-presented 3-bed semi in Tunstead village with spacious living, modern kitchen, large & enclosed rear garden with shed & utility, off-road parking, and easy access to local amenities, countryside, and Norwich. Available now! Tunstead is a charming Norfolk village situated on the edge of the stunning Norfolk Broads National Park, offering a peaceful rural lifestyle whilst remaining within convenient reach of nearby amenities. The village benefits from a strong community feel and is ideally located for exploring the beautiful surrounding countryside and waterways. The nearby towns of North Walsham and Wroxham provide a wide range of shops, supermarkets, schools, cafés, and leisure facilities, while the city of Norwich is easily accessible for commuters. With picturesque walks, cycling routes, and the Norfolk coastline all within easy reach, Tunstead is a wonderful location for those seeking the best of village living. Nestled within the popular North Norfolk villag

Reception RoomWindow to the rear aspect allowing for plenty of natural light, radiator and fitted carpet.Kitchen11' x 7'8A modern, well-appointed kitchen featuring a range of wall and base units complemented by an inset stainless steel single-drainer sink with mixer tap. Integrated electric hob and oven, together with a washing machine and under-counter fridge. A window overlooks the rear garden, with a door providing direct access outside. Radiator and useful cupboard housing the boiler.Bedroom One12'11 x 8'11A well-proportioned double bedroom with a window to the front aspect, radiator and fitted carpet. Benefiting from a fitted wardrobe with mirrored sliding doors.Bedroom Two9'1 x 9'1A further double bedroom overlooking the rear, complete with radiator, fitted carpet and a useful fitted wardrobe with mirrored sliding doors.Bedroom Three9'8 x 6'8A single bedroom with a window to the front aspect, fitted carpet and built-in storage cupboard.BathroomFitted with a contemporary white sui

Holding deposit: £276.00SUMMARYAn attractive three-bedroom home offering well-proportioned accommodation, a modern fitted kitchen and contemporary bathroom. Further highlights include fitted wardrobes to two bedrooms, an enclosed lawned garden with patio, single garage and private parking.DESCRIPTIONReception RoomWindow to the rear aspect allowing for plenty of natural light, radiator and fitted carpet.Kitchen11' x 7'8A modern, well-appointed kitchen featuring a range of wall and base units complemented by an inset stainless steel single-drainer sink with mixer tap. Integrated electric hob and oven, together with a washing machine and under-counter fridge. A window overlooks the rear garden, with a door providing direct access outside. Radiator and useful cupboard housing the boiler.Bedroom One12'11 x 8'11A well-proportioned double bedroom with a window to the front aspect, radiator and fitted carpet. Benefiting from a fitted wardrobe with mirrored sliding doors.Bedroom Two9'1 x 9'1A f

Zero Deposit Guarantee Available To let: A recently updated three bedroom semi detached house in North Walsham, offered in good condition throughout. The ground floor provides a bright reception room with wood effect flooring and neutral décor, leading to a practical fitted kitchen with ample storage and integrated oven. Upstairs are three well proportioned bedrooms, all with similar modern flooring, plus a family bathroom and additional WC. Windows in every room provide good natural light. The property has an EPC rating of C and falls within Council Tax band B. Located on a modern residential development within reach of North Walsham’s market town amenities, including supermarkets, cafés and local shops. North Walsham railway station offers direct services to Norwich in around 30 minutes and to Cromer in approximately 20 minutes. Nearby schooling includes North Walsham Junior and High Schools, and there are green spaces and play areas within walking distance, with the coast and surrou

William H Brown this end terraced 2 bedroom house. This property benefits from double glazed windows, gas central heating, modern kitchen, enclosed rear garden and 2 allocated off street parking spaces.LoungeDoor into lounge, window to front aspect, wood effect laminate flooring, TV and phone point.KitchenModern with a range of wall and base units, integrated electric oven, extractor fan and gas hob, window to rear aspect, space for fridge/freezer and plumbing for washing machine. Vinyl flooring, door to rear garden.Bedroom 1Double, window to front aspect, carpet, radiator.Bedroom 2Double, window to rear aspect, carpet, radiator.BathroomShower, toilet, basin, heated towel rail, window to side aspect, laminate flooring. OutsideEnclosed rear garden, mostly laid to lawn, patio area outside rear door. Gate access to parking. (this property has 2 allocated parking spaces)Holding deposit: £201.00

Exceptional Four-Bedroom Detached Family Home in a Sought-After Coastal SettingSituated within a peaceful cul-de-sac in the highly desirable seaside village of Mundesley, this attractive detached residence enjoys an enviable position overlooking the picturesque Gold Park and offers generous, versatile accommodation perfectly suited to modern family living.Behind its charming brick and cobblestone façade, the property presents a well-balanced layout extending across two floors, complemented by a substantial private garden, detached garage and ample off-road parking.The welcoming entrance hall leads to a spacious dual-aspect sitting and dining room, where French doors open directly onto the rear terrace, creating an ideal space for both entertaining and everyday family life. A separate reception room provides excellent flexibility and can be utilised as a home office, snug, playroom or formal dining space. The adjoining kitchen/breakfast room offers direct garden access and ample space f

Holding deposit: £201.00SUMMARY*ZERO DEPOSIT GUARANTEE AVAILABLE*William H Brown this end terraced 2 bedroom house. This property benefits from double glazed windows, gas central heating, modern kitchen, enclosed rear garden and two allocated off street parking spaces.DESCRIPTIONWilliam H Brown this end terraced 2 bedroom house. This property benefits from double glazed windows, gas central heating, modern kitchen, enclosed rear garden and 2 allocated off street parking spaces.LoungeDoor into lounge, window to front aspect, wood effect laminate flooring, TV and phone point.KitchenModern with a range of wall and base units, integrated electric oven, extractor fan and gas hob, window to rear aspect, space for fridge/freezer and plumbing for washing machine. Vinyl flooring, door to rear garden.Bedroom 1Double, window to front aspect, carpet, radiator.Bedroom 2Double, window to rear aspect, carpet, radiator.BathroomShower, toilet, basin, heated towel rail, window to side aspect, laminate f

Holding deposit: £317.00SUMMARYAn attractive four-bedroom detached family home positioned within a quiet cul-de-sac in the popular coastal village of Mundesley. Enjoying views towards Gold Park, the property offers spacious and versatile accommodation including a dual-aspect sitting/dining room with French doors to the garden, a separate home office or family room, kitchen/breakfast room, principal bedroom with en-suite, three further bedrooms and a family bathroom.Externally, the home benefits from a detached garage, private driveway and a generous, mature rear and side garden offering an excellent degree of privacy and seclusion, ideal for families and outdoor entertaining.Located within easy reach of Mundesley's award-winning beach, village amenities, schools and transport links to North Walsham, Cromer and Norwich, this property offers an excellent opportunity to enjoy coastal living in one of North Norfolk's most desirable villages.DESCRIPTIONExceptional Four-Bedroom Detached Fami

LOUNGE/DINERuPVC wood effect front entrance door, uPVC double glazed windows to the front aspect, feature brick fireplace with inset wood burner, wall mounted oil fired radiators, under stairs storage cupboard, further storage cupboard with shelving, newly fitted carpeted flooring, exposed beam to the ceiling, stairs rising to the first floor, door to rear hall. REAR HALLuPVC wood effect rear entrance door, wall mounted oil fired radiator, inset door mat, tiled flooring, doors to Lounge/Diner, Kitchen and Bathroom. KITCHENuPVC double glazed window to the rear aspect, range of base and wall mounted units set beneath roll edge worksurfaces, inset ceramic sink and drainer unit with mixer tap over, washing machine (left at goodwill), dishwasher (left at goodwill), fridge freezer (left at goodwill), inset electric hob with stainless steel chimney style extractor hood over, built in oven and grill, wall mounted oil fired radiator, tiled splash backs, tiled flooring. BATHROOMObscure uPVC doub

NO DEPOSIT OPTION* Well-presented 3-bed semi in Tunstead village with spacious living, modern kitchen, large & enclosed rear garden with shed & utility, off-road parking, and easy access to local amenities, countryside, and Norwich. Available now!LocationTunstead is a charming Norfolk village situated on the edge of the stunning Norfolk Broads National Park, offering a peaceful rural lifestyle whilst remaining within convenient reach of nearby amenities. The village benefits from a strong community feel and is ideally located for exploring the beautiful surrounding countryside and waterways.The nearby towns of North Walsham and Wroxham provide a wide range of shops, supermarkets, schools, cafés, and leisure facilities, while the city of Norwich is easily accessible for commuters. With picturesque walks, cycling routes, and the Norfolk coastline all within easy reach, Tunstead is a wonderful location for those seeking the best of village living.Anchor StreetNestled within the popular No

Zero Deposit Guarantee Available * To let: a recently updated three bedroom semi detached house in North Walsham, offered in good condition throughout. The ground floor provides a bright reception room with wood effect flooring and neutral décor, leading to a practical fitted kitchen with ample storage and integrated oven. Upstairs are three well proportioned bedrooms, all with similar modern flooring, plus a family bathroom and additional WC. Windows in every room provide good natural light. The property has an EPC rating of C and falls within Council Tax band B. Located on a modern residential development within reach of North Walsham’s market town amenities, including supermarkets, cafés and local shops. North Walsham railway station offers direct services to Norwich in around 30 minutes and to Cromer in approximately 20 minutes. Nearby schooling includes North Walsham Junior and High Schools, and there are green spaces and play areas within walking distance, with the coast and surr

Holding Deposit: £288.00 SUMMARY A well-presented three-bedroom home enjoying far-reaching countryside views on the edge of Stalham. The accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, reception room with stove, versatile garden room, modern shower room and three bedrooms. Outside is an enclosed rear garden with a pergola-covered seating area and useful timber storage. DESCRIPTION Set within an established residential setting on the edge of Stalham, this appealing three-bedroom home offers comfortable and versatile accommodation, complemented by far-reaching views across the surrounding countryside. The property is entered through a useful entrance porch, providing a practical transition into the home. The ground-floor accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, finished with sleek white cabinetry, contrasting work surfaces and tiled splashbacks. A gas hob with extractor above provides a smart focal point, while the arrangement offers generous storage and preparation sp

Holding deposit: £288.00 SUMMARY A well-presented three-bedroom home enjoying far-reaching countryside views on the edge of Stalham. The accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, reception room with stove, versatile garden room, modern shower room and three bedrooms. Outside is an enclosed rear garden with a pergola-covered seating area and useful timber storage. DESCRIPTION Set within an established residential setting on the edge of Stalham, this appealing three-bedroom home offers comfortable and versatile accommodation, complemented by far-reaching views across the surrounding countryside. The property is entered through a useful entrance porch, providing a practical transition into the home. The ground-floor accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, finished with sleek white cabinetry, contrasting work surfaces and tiled splashbacks. A gas hob with extractor above provides a smart focal point, while the arrangement offers generous storage and preparation sp

Holding deposit: £288.00SUMMARYA well-presented three-bedroom home enjoying far-reaching countryside views on the edge of Stalham. The accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, reception room with stove, versatile garden room, modern shower room and three bedrooms. Outside is an enclosed rear garden with a pergola-covered seating area and useful timber storage.DESCRIPTIONSet within an established residential setting on the edge of Stalham, this appealing three-bedroom home offers comfortable and versatile accommodation, complemented by far-reaching views across the surrounding countryside.The property is entered through a useful entrance porch, providing a practical transition into the home. The ground-floor accommodation includes a contemporary fitted kitchen, finished with sleek white cabinetry, contrasting work surfaces and tiled splashbacks. A gas hob with extractor above provides a smart focal point, while the arrangement offers generous storage and preparation space,